Adapted passage context: The passage contrasts summer vacations of the past with highly scheduled present-day breaks. Today many children attend classes, camps and intensive trips. Earlier, summer often meant returning to the family's native place, spending time with extended family and strengthening a sense of belonging. The writer feels modern life is more attached to work and material identity. How are present-day summer breaks described as different from earlier ones?

1. They mainly refuel the individual self
2. They are more closely tied to work-oriented/material identity
3. They primarily rebuild connectedness with the larger family/community
4. Both 1 and 2