Passage: Read the passage and answer the questions that follow. Green Building: A Sustainable Approach to Construction Green building refers to the design, construction, and operation of buildings in an environmentally responsible and resource-efficient manner. As concerns about climate change, energy consumption, and environmental degradation continue to grow, green buildings have emerged as a vital solution in creating sustainable urban spaces. The core principles of green building include efficient use of energy, water, and other natural resources; use of sustainable and non-toxic materials; and reduction of waste, pollution, and environmental impact throughout a building’s life cycle. Features such as solar panels, rainwater harvesting systems, natural ventilation, and energy-efficient lighting are commonly integrated into green structures. Moreover, such buildings often make use of recycled or locally sourced materials to minimise the carbon footprint. Green buildings are not just beneficial for the environment—they also promote healthier indoor environments for occupants by improving air quality and natural light. This, in turn, can enhance productivity and well-being. Though the initial investment may be slightly higher, green buildings often result in long-term cost savings through reduced energy bills and lower maintenance costs. International standards and certifications such as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) and India’s GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) help measure and promote sustainable construction practices. In conclusion, green buildings represent a forward- thinking approach to development that balances human needs with environmental responsibility. As the demand for eco-conscious living grows, adopting green building practices is no longer optional— it is essential for a sustainable future. Question: Which of the following would best reflect a city’s commitment to green building principles?

1. Building taller skyscrapers
2. Increasing industrial zones
3. Constructing more shopping malls
4. Mandating rainwater harvesting and solar panels in new buildings